Learn the two main meanings and usage patterns of the Chinese preposition 给 (for/to, to a person)
1 Introduction to Preposition 给
The Chinese preposition 给 (gěi) has two main meanings. It can indicate the beneficiary of an action (“for” someone) or the recipient of an action (“to” someone). Understanding these two meanings helps in correctly constructing sentences involving giving, doing things for others, or directing actions toward people.
Basic Sentence Structure with 给
As a preposition, 给 typically appears between the subject and the verb, introducing the person who benefits from or receives the action.
Action Flow with 给
Complete Sentence: 大作家给我签名。
(The famous writer signed his name for me.)
Two Main Meanings of 给 as a Preposition
给 = For/To (Beneficiary)
Mom cooks for me.
给 = To (Recipient)
I write letters to him.
2 给 = For/To (Beneficiary)
When 给 means “for” or “to,” it indicates that the action is done for the benefit of someone. The subject (A) performs an action that benefits person (B). This usage often implies doing a favor or providing a service.
Examples: 给 = For/To (Beneficiary)
Beneficiary Relationship
Benefit Flow: Dad → (for) → Me → (buys) → New shoes
The action of buying shoes is done for my benefit.
Common Verbs with “给 = For/To” Meaning
Cook for family
Buy gifts for friends
Give seat to elderly
Open door for guests
Prepare materials for students
Fix computer for neighbor
3 给 = To a Person (Recipient)
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4 Comparison and Usage Notes
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Practice Exercises
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